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Implementation experiences from past and ongoing partnerships have yielded some important lessons around budgeting:<\/p>\n"},"subContentId":"4b376bb4-bae6-45bc-8e6b-1893a50beab9","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":18.51851851851852,"y":21.640172786177107,"width":77.34204793028323,"height":75.5939524838013,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"

Select the right costing approach:<\/strong><\/span> The type of costing approach (market scan, ABC, or prevailing rates) can be selected according to the procuring entity\u2019s preference; when possible, the three can also be combined to arrive at the budget:<\/p>\n\n

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When the procuring entity has limited information on the component costs of an activity, market scan or prevailing rates are to be preferred.<\/strong><\/span> Prevailing rates are comparatively easier to follow, but such rates are sometimes outdated or unreasonable, in which case, the market scan<\/span> is the most useful method\u2014not only to obtain realistic cost estimates but also to identify and understand the service delivery agencies in the area which can become potential bidders.<\/li>\n\t
Generally speaking, ABC is preferred when the procuring entity has sufficient knowledge and experience of the activity. <\/span><\/strong>ABC requires accurate input cost data which are not always easy to obtain as they include both direct and indirect cost including infrastructure cost and HR costs. This estimation becomes even more challenging when HR and infrastructure are being utilized for multiple activities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n"},"metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"},"subContentId":"3e87a2b4-f893-42e8-a4d6-2079d6ca0e73"},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""},{"x":3.2679738562091503,"y":41.03671706263499,"width":13.995741576941752,"height":27.645788336933045,"action":{"library":"H5P.Image 1.1","params":{"decorative":false,"contentName":"Image","file":{"path":"images\/file-64baddb643f95.png","mime":"image\/png","copyright":{"license":"U"},"width":128,"height":128}},"subContentId":"fa1f9fd2-737c-4f41-af50-2e8253d826c8","metadata":{"contentType":"Image","license":"U","title":"Untitled Image"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":4.357298474945534,"y":6.491490280777537,"width":91.50326797385621,"height":84.23326133909288,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"
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Specific suggestions for ABC:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
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The costing process <\/span><\/strong>should include, as inputs, costs for all services and metrics (rather than only the payment-linked metrics).<\/li>\n\t
If a comprehensive costing exercise is too time-consuming or daunting, some proxy estimates can be used. For example, it can be assumed that activities related to IEC will cost 5 percent of the diagnostic services cost, and an additional 5 percent cost can be added to the budget as a buffer.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n
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Seek expert help:<\/strong> Costing capacity is often limited among program functionaries (especially for ABC), and subject matter experts should be brought in for help. This includes finance and procurement experts<\/span><\/strong> from local NHM teams, members of TSUs, and consultant networks. <\/li>\n\t
Align with existing processes: <\/strong>Budgets are only useful if they are based on the right assumptions on the quality and volume of services<\/span><\/strong> needed and are strictly aligned with the state\/district\u2019s plans (diagnosis and treatment algorithm to be followed and targets to be achieved). This again underscores the importance of aligning budgets with PIP exercise and needs assessments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n"},"subContentId":"e4361f8c-c1f4-4a72-ad92-c92f56f2a5a2","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}},{"elements":[{"x":4.357298474945534,"y":4.319654427645788,"width":91.50326797385621,"height":90.71274298056156,"action":{"library":"H5P.AdvancedText 1.1","params":{"text":"
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Build buffers: <\/strong><\/span>Data from market research, experiences, and inflation trends must be referred to frequently, and there should be room in the budget for annual cost increments in line with current inflation trends<\/span><\/strong>. There should also be an adequate buffer built into the budget to provide incentives to the agency if its performance exceeds the targets.<\/li>\n\t
Include goods and services tax (GST) and other relevant taxes:<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
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There have been instances of delays and failure in procurement due to a limited understanding of taxes, especially related to GST. It should be specified in the RFP that the bidder needs to clarify whether the bid amount is inclusive or exclusive of GST<\/span><\/strong> and the same needs to be incorporated in the contract.<\/li>\n\t
Generally, service providers are expected to charge GST from the procuring agency (that is, include it in their invoices). However, the exception is when the services provided by the agency fall under the reverse charge mechanism <\/span><\/strong>(services notified by the central government. from time to time) - in such cases, GST shall be borne by the service receiver\/ procuring entity.<\/li>\n\t
Other taxes like tax deducted at source (TDS) <\/span><\/strong>are also applicable according to the existing norms, and budgets must include tax amounts as applicable from all relevant taxation acts.
\n\t <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n"},"subContentId":"c4bf0a6f-2afc-49a0-b235-f824e33bbc3b","metadata":{"contentType":"Text","license":"U","title":"Untitled Text"}},"alwaysDisplayComments":false,"backgroundOpacity":0,"displayAsButton":false,"buttonSize":"big","goToSlideType":"specified","invisible":false,"solution":""}],"slideBackgroundSelector":{}}],"keywordListEnabled":true,"globalBackgroundSelector":{},"keywordListAlwaysShow":false,"keywordListAutoHide":false,"keywordListOpacity":90},"override":{"activeSurface":false,"hideSummarySlide":false,"summarySlideSolutionButton":true,"summarySlideRetryButton":true,"enablePrintButton":false,"social":{"showFacebookShare":false,"facebookShare":{"url":"@currentpageurl","quote":"I scored @score out of @maxScore on a task at @currentpageurl."},"showTwitterShare":false,"twitterShare":{"statement":"I scored @score out of @maxScore on a task at @currentpageurl.","url":"@currentpageurl","hashtags":"h5p, course"},"showGoogleShare":false,"googleShareUrl":"@currentpageurl"}},"l10n":{"slide":"Slide","score":"Score","yourScore":"Your Score","maxScore":"Max Score","total":"Total","totalScore":"Total Score","showSolutions":"Show solutions","retry":"Retry","exportAnswers":"Export text","hideKeywords":"Hide sidebar navigation menu","showKeywords":"Show sidebar navigation menu","fullscreen":"Fullscreen","exitFullscreen":"Exit fullscreen","prevSlide":"Previous slide","nextSlide":"Next slide","currentSlide":"Current slide","lastSlide":"Last slide","solutionModeTitle":"Exit solution mode","solutionModeText":"Solution Mode","summaryMultipleTaskText":"Multiple tasks","scoreMessage":"You achieved:","shareFacebook":"Share on Facebook","shareTwitter":"Share on Twitter","shareGoogle":"Share on Google+","summary":"Summary","solutionsButtonTitle":"Show comments","printTitle":"Print","printIngress":"How would you like to print this presentation?","printAllSlides":"Print all slides","printCurrentSlide":"Print current slide","noTitle":"No title","accessibilitySlideNavigationExplanation":"Use left and right arrow to change slide in that direction whenever canvas is selected.","accessibilityCanvasLabel":"Presentation canvas. Use left and right arrow to move between slides.","accessibilityProgressBarLabel":"Choose slide to display","containsNotCompleted":"@slideName contains not completed interaction","containsCompleted":"@slideName contains completed interaction","slideCount":"Slide @index of @total","containsOnlyCorrect":"@slideName only has correct answers","containsIncorrectAnswers":"@slideName has incorrect answers","shareResult":"Share Result","accessibilityTotalScore":"You got @score of @maxScore points in total","accessibilityEnteredFullscreen":"Entered fullscreen","accessibilityExitedFullscreen":"Exited fullscreen","confirmDialogHeader":"Submit your answers","confirmDialogText":"This will submit your results, do you want to continue?","confirmDialogConfirmText":"Submit and see results","slideshowNavigationLabel":"Slideshow navigation"}}

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Implementation experiences for the partnerships

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